China'Imigaqo kunye nokubeka esweni kwiMigodi yeembiwa: inyathelo lokuya kuzinzo
I-China, eyaziwa ngokuba yimithombo yendalo etyebileyo, kudala iyinkokeli yehlabathi kumzi-mveliso weembiwa zamatye. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezixhalabisayo malunga nokuwohloka kwendalo kunye nezenzo ezonakeleyo ziye zangenela urhulumente waseTshayina ukuba afezekise imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nokubekwa esweni kwimisebenzi yemigodi yemigodi yamatye. La manyathelo ajolise ekukhuthazeni iinkqubo zokuzivocavoca ezizinzileyo, ukhusela indalo esingqongileyo, kwaye uqinisekise uxanduva kwishishini.
Ngemfuno ekhulayo yeemveliso zamatye zombini nakweminye amazwe, i-China ibone i-gorge kwimisebenzi yemigodi yemigodi kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukukhutshwa kwamatye anjengeGranite, iMarble, kunye neLimestone ayikhokelele nje ekuphenduleni kwezixhobo zendalo kodwa kuye kwabangela ukonakala kwendalo. Ukuziphatha okungafakwanga kubangele ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukonakaliswa komhlaba, kunye nokungcoliseka kwamanzi amanzi, kuchaphazela kakubi izinto kunye noluntu lwasekhaya.
Ukuqonda isidingo esingxamisekileyo sokujongana nale miceli mngeni, urhulumente waseTshayina uthathe amanyathelo akhonkrithi ukomeleza imigaqo kunye nokwandisa ukubekwa kweliso kwimigodi yemigodi yamatye. Elinye lawona manyathelo aphambili kukunyanzeliswa kovavanyo lwempembelelo kokusingqongileyo (i-EIAs) kwiiprojekthi zemigodi yemigodi. Iinkampani ngoku kufuneka zinikeze iingxelo ezineenkcukacha malunga nemiphumo yokusingqongileyo yokusingqongileyo kwimisebenzi yabo ngaphambi kokufumana iilayisensi zemigodi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umngcipheko wokusingqongileyo onxulumene nemisebenzi yemigodi ihlolwe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye amanyathelo afanelekileyo athatyathwa ukunciphisa.
Ukongeza, urhulumente useka iiarhente ezikhethekileyo ezinoxanduva lokujonga imisebenzi yemigodi yemigodi yamatye. Ezi arhente ziqhuba tyelelo rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokusingqongileyo, zichonge nakuphi na ukuphambuka, kwaye kuthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ngokuchasene nokophula umthetho. Isohlwayo esihle, kubandakanya izohlwayo ezingagungqiyo kunye nokumiswa kwemisebenzi, zimiselwe ezo zinto zifunyenwe ziphula imigaqo. Amanyathelo anjalo angenza njengokuthintela njengamatye kwaye akhuthaze iinkampani zemigodi ye-Fines ukuba yamkele iinkqubo ezizinzileyo kwaye inciphise indawo yabo yokusingqongileyo.
Ngokuhambelana nokuzinikela kwayo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo, i-China ikwakhuthaze ukwamkelwa kwetekhnoloji yokuqala kwimigodi yamatye. Izinto ezintsha ezinjengeenkqubo zokunqunyulwa ezingenamanzi kunye neenkqubo zokucinezelwa uthuli zinceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa ukungcoliseka komoya ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngaphaya koko, urhulumente uyawuxhasa uphando nophuhliso kwiindlela ezizezinye ze-eco-ngobuhlobo kunye neendlela zokurisayikilisha, ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwicandelo elitsha lamatye.
Ngaphaya kweenkxalabo zendalo esingqongileyo, urhulumente waseTshayina uzama ukuqinisekisa uxanduva lwentlalo kumzi-mveliso weembiwa zamatye. Iphumezile imigaqo yokukhusela amalungelo kunye nentlalontle yabasebenzi, ukulwa nabantwana, kunye nokuphucula iimeko zokusebenza. Imithetho engqongqo yabasebenzi ayanyanzeliswa, kubandakanya imivuzo encinci, iiyure ezifanelekileyo zomsebenzi kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko emsebenzini. La manyathelo akhusela iimfuno zabasebenzi, akhuthaze umzi-mveliso olungileyo kunye nozokuziphatha.
Iinzame zokulawula kunye nokubeka esweni imigodi yetye e-china ifumene ingxelo entle evela kubathathi-nxaxheba bobabini nabamanye amazwe. Imibutho yezendalo esingqongileyo Jonga la manyathelo amanqanaba abalulekileyo ekusombululeni imiceli mngeni yendalo, ukukhusela izinto ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi, kunye nokugcina ubutyebi bendalo. Abathengi kunye nabangenisi beMveliso yamatye baseTshayina bayakuxabisa ukuzibophelela kokuzinza, kubanika ukuzithemba kwimvelaphi kunye nokuziphatha kwamatye athengayo.
Ngelixa i-china'Imigaqo kunye nokubekwa kweliso kwi-STORM Pring Mining Mark inyathelo elibalulekileyo lokuzinza, ukuqhubeka nokuhlala nokuhlala nokuzipha kunye nokumiliselwa okusebenzayo kubalulekile. Ukuphicothwa rhoqo, ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu, kunye nokusebenzisana nabathathi-nxaxheba kushishino kubalulekile ekuchongeni iindawo zokufumanisa ukuphuculwa nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo. Ngokubetha ibhalansi phakathi kokukhula koqoqosho, ukukhusela ukusingqongileyo, kunye noxanduva lwentlalo, i-China ibeka umzekelo kumzi mveliso weembiwa zehlabathi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNv-14 ukuya ku-2003